Some of the greatest mathematical minds throughout history, from Pythagoras and Euclid to medieval mathematician Leonardo of Pisa, have spent endless hours over this simple ratio and its properties. The golden ratio, Sectio Divina, the divine proportion or Phi is a particular number approximately equal to 1,618 which appears often in nature, architecture, art and other areas.
When it's used in a design, you create natural-looking compositions and aesthetically pleasing to the eye. Our brains are seemingly hard-wired to prefer objects and images that use the golden ratio. It's an almost subconscious attraction and even the smallest tweaks to a picture to make it truer to the golden ratio can have a huge impact on the brain.
The Golden Ratio can be applied to shapes, fonts,... Take for example a square and multiply one side by 1,618 and you will get a rectangle of harmonious proportions. If you then lay the square upon the rectangle you calculated you'll have the Golden Ratio.
For example:
Side A= 10cm
To know the golden ratio (A + B) you do 10cm x 1,618 = 16,18cm
You now know side B = 6,18cm
This simple math formula can be used for anything in design. From calculating the size of fonts used in graphic design, up and to the actual layout of the document itself.
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